For dopplerbroadened media operating under doubledouble electromagnetically induced transparency eit conditions, we devise a scheme to control and reduce the probefield group velocity at the center of the second transparency window. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit eit can be used to make a resonant, opaque medium transparent by means of quantum interference. It is in essence a quantum interference effect that permits the propagation of light through an otherwise. When a strong coupling laser field is used to drive a resonant transition in a threelevel atomic system, the absorption of a weak probe laser field can be reduced or eliminated provided the two resonant transitions are coherently coupled to a. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a coherent optical nonlinearity which renders. While the transparency window in electromagnetically induced transparency is a result of fano interference among different transition pathways, in. In principle, this is what happens to an atomic medium when it experiences electromagnetically induced transparency eit. Dark resonances and electromagnetically induced transparency eit 1,2 can be used to make a resonant, optically opaque medium transparent by means of quantum interference. The metamaterial analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency eit in terahertz thz regime holds fascinating prospects for filling the thz gap in various functional devices. Applications of electromagnetically induced transparency to quantum information processing r. Electromagnetically induced transparency is achieved with hard xrays in a twolevel system, using cooperative emission from ensembles of iron57 nuclei in a special geometry in a lowfinesse cavity. It relies on atomic states coherence and quantum interference, and the necessary background tools to understand the basic.
Thompson jila, nist, and department of physics, university of colorado, 440 ucb, boulder, colorado 80309, usa. Nonreciprocal brillouin scattering induced transparency. Electromagnetically induced transparency tigate atomic energy levels, hyper. Electromagnetically induced transparency in a molecular. Electromagnetically induced transparency the concept of eit was first given by harris et al in 1990. For waves with mutually orthogonal polarizations, which propagated in a waveguide cell, the intensity of the saturating radiation reached 225 wcm 2. In the case when the rabi frequency of the control field is weaker than doppler width, the probability. Other names used to refer to this situation are dark resonance and coherent population trapping. Howell department of physics and astronomy the college arts and sciences university of rochester rochester, new york 2007. Thompson jila, nist, and department of physics, university of colorado, 440 ucb, boulder, colorado 80309, usa received 9 january 2017.
We discuss the mechanism and the conditions for the observation of such a phenomenon in a helium discharge. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a phenomenon in which the presence of a nonradiative coherence leads to destructive quantum interference, causing an otherwise absorbing transition to become transparent. This thesis investigates electromagnetically induced transparency eit in thermal rubidium vapor. Introduction the subject of this paper is the electromagnetically induced transparency eit, the phenomenon belonging to the category of the coherent effects. Electromagnetically induced transparency with noisy lasers. Our study provides a fundamental understanding and useful guidelines in. Eit may also be used, but under more limited condi. Osa electromagnetically induced transparencylike effect. Eit may also be used, but under more limited conditions, to eliminate optical selffocus ing and defocusing and to im one can make opaque resonant of equal magnitude and op. Eigs are dynamically created by light interference on optically resonant materials and rely on population inversion andor optical coherence properties of the material. Electromagnetically induced transparency with rydberg. When identically polarized saturating and probing waves propagating in a cell at a small angle with respect to each other were used, the splitting was more weakly manifested. Emphasis is placed on the experimental work reported in this. Prosvirnin institute of radio astronomy, national academy of sciences of ukraine, kharkov, 61002, ukraine.
Electromagnetically induced transparency in a propagating. Applications of electromagnetically induced transparency to. As a spectroscopic tool, eit can be used to probe for the existence of nonradiative coherences. Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency in. It is found that electromagnetically induced transparency occurs in the system and its frequency, transparency window and group velocity of the probe field strongly depend on the external fields. By integrating photoconductive silicon into the metamaterial unit cell, a giant switching of the transparency window occurs under excitation of ultrafast optical pulses, allowing for an optically tunable group delay of the terahertz light. Spiller trusted systems laboratory hp laboratories bristol hpl200473 april 23, 2004 email. They then discuss pulse propagation and the adiabatic evolution of. Computational methods in science and technology special issue 2 1145 2010 i. Osa studies of electromagnetically induced transparency in. These can result, for instance, in very slow group. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit norbert kalb 19. We have studied electromagnetically induced transparency eit in metamaterials for various schemes corresponding to those in an atomic medium.
Applications of electromagnetically induced transparency. Zheludev optoelectronics research centre, university of southampton, so17 1bj, united kingdom s. In addition, the dispersion properties are also a ected, giving rise to many useful applications such as e ective nonlinear frequency conversion, slow light. Pdf nonlinearity of microwave electric field coupled. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference phenomenon which transforms an initially absorbing medium into a transparent medium for a particular frequency.
Review of classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency eli cabelly june 2, 2011 abstract alzar, martinez, and nussenzveig have proposed an experiment to demonstrate electromagnetically in duced transparency by using a coupled oscillator circuit made up of nothing more than passive resistors, inductors, and capacitors. An electromagnetically induced transparency eit of a cascadethreelevel atom involving rydberg level in a roomtemperature cell, formed with a cesium 6s126p3266s12 scheme, is employed to detect the autlertownes at splitting resulted with a 15. At the maximum intensity of the saturating radiation, complete transparency was observed at the center of the absorption line of 15 nh 3. Pdf electromagnetically induced transparency in optical. Hence, we get the name electromagnetically induced transparency. Optics in coherent media michael fleischhauer1, atac imamoglu2, and jonathan p. Classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency. Experimental realization of an onchip alloptical analogue to electromagnetically induced transparency qianfan xu,1 sunil sandhu,2 michelle l. Magnetically induced optical transparency on a forbidden transition in strontium for cavityenhanced spectroscopy matthew n. Extreme dispersion is also created within this transparency window which leads to slow light, described below.
Marangos3 1 fachbereich physik, technische universit at kaiserslautern,d67663 germany 2 institute of quantum electronics, ethh onggerberg, hpt g12, ch8093 z urich, switzerland. Metamaterial analog of electromagnetically induced. Darkstate polaritonsin electromagnetically induced transparency. Pdf slowing the probe field in the second window of. Electromagnetically induced transparency by nmr by hyungbin son submitted to the department of physics on may 8, 2003, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of bachelor of science in physics abstract electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum nonlinear optical interfer. Osa electromagnetically induced transparencylike effect in. Electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials at nearinfrared frequency jingjing zhang1, sanshui xiao1, claus jeppesen2, anders kristensen2 and niels asger mortensen1 1 dtu fotonik department of photonics engineering, technical university. Magnetically induced optical transparency on a forbidden. Electromagnetically induced transparency in a molecular gas. Controlling photons using electromagnetically induced transparency. Marangos laseropticsandspectroscopygroup,blackettlaboratory,imperial college,londonsw72bz,england.
Stimulated brillouin scattering sbs of light from propagating hypersonic acoustic waves has also been used. Electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials. Eit traditionally arises from destructive interference induced by a nonradiative coherence in an atomic system. Stopped light and image storage by electromagnetically induced transparency up to the regime of one minute georg heinze, christian hubrich, and thomas halfmann institut fu. What is and what is not electromagnetically induced.
We show that a large effect can be observed in spite of the discharge regime needed to produce the metastable helium and in spite of its zeeman degeneracy. Darkstate polaritonsin electromagnetically induced. Electromagnetically induced transparency in an entangled. Electromagnetically induced transparency with resonant nuclei. Effects of laser field on electromagnetically induced transparency is investigated in a gaasinasgaas quantum well. Polarization of fourwave mixing with electromagnetically induced transparency xuemei chenga, yigang dub, yanpeng zhangb, zhiguo wangb, yizhu miaoa, zhaoyu rena,n, jintao baia a state key lab incubation base of photoelectric technology and functional materials, national photoelectric technology and functional materials and application of science and. When a strong coupling laser field is used to drive a resonant transition in a three level atomic system, the absorption of a weak. Eit is a phenomenon that dramatically modi es the optical properties of a medium by creating a transparency window at a normally highly absorbing atomic resonance, and by greatly enhancing the mediums dispersion. Buy lasers without inversion and electromagnetically induced transparency spie press monograph vol. Associated with the induced transparency is a dramatic modi. At resonance the transmission is perfect, and the refractive index is 1. Electromagnetically induced transparency is a quantum interference effect observed in atoms and molecules, in which the optical response of an atomic medium is controlled by an electromagnetic field. An allpass microringbragg gratings apmrbg based coupling resonant system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to generate electromagnetically induced transparency eitlike transmission for the first time.
The taken system is inas sandwiched between gaas semiconducting materials. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference effect that occurs in threelevel atomic systems and gives rise to a sharp transparency window within a. We report the observation of electromagnetically induced transparency eit of a mechanical field, where a. Preface imagine you can make a black wall transparent just by shining a certain light onto that wall.
Electromagnetically induced transparency wikipedia. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid metamaterial to actively manipulate the resonance strength of eit effect. Electromagnetically induced transparency with squeezed vacuum written by daisuke akamatsu submitted to the department of physics tokyo institute of technology in partial full. Metamaterial analog of electromagnetically induced transparency. Intro absorption suppress absorption by avoiding population in the excited state. Pdf electromagnetically induced transparency and autler. Electromagnetically induced transparency in a gaasinas. Electromagnetically induced transparency susanne yelin. We focus on the case in which the gas is initially prepared in a manybody state that contains a single excitation and. Electromagnetically induced transparency in rubidium. Polarization of fourwave mixing with electromagnetically.
Alloptical analog to electromagnetically induced transparency in multiple coupled photonic crystal cavities xiaodong yang,1, mingbin yu,2 dimlee kwong,2 and chee wei wong1, 1optical nanostructures laboratory, center for integrated science and engineering, solidstate science and engineering. Doubledouble electromagnetically induced transparency. The dynamic stark effect on the as q5,4 transition of the 0 1 vibrational band of the. Review of classical analog of electromagnetically induced. The simulation results show that it is possible to cool the ions motional state to n 0. Dynamics of electromagnetically induced transparency optical kerr nonlinearities by michael vernon pack submitted in partial ful. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference effect that reduces light absorption over a narrow spectral region in a coherently driven atomic system 1,2,3. The confinement potential and the well size of the quantum well are kept constant. Using a 1 2 transition as an analytically tractable model, we discuss in detail magnetooptical resonances of both electromagnetically induced absorption eia and electromagnetically induced transparency eit types in the hanle configuration. Electromagnetically induced transparency experimental. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference effect arising from different transition pathways of optical fields. When one frequency component of the light field is much stronger than the other, it is referred to as a coupling or drive field, and the reduction of the absorption of the weaker probe field is called electromagnetically induced transparency. We theoretically investigate light propagation and electromagnetically induced transparency eit in a quasi onedimensional gas in which atoms interact strongly via exchange interactions.
In eit the interference occurs between alternative transition pathways, driven by radiation fields within the internal states of the quantum system. We demonstrated a form of induced transparency enabled by radiationpressure coupling of an optical and a mechanical mode. Electromagnetically induced transparency in circuit qed. Plasmon induced transparency in metamaterials shuang zhang, dentcho a. Dynamics of electromagnetically induced transparency optical. Electromagnetically induced grating eig is an optical interference phenomenon where an interference pattern is used to build a dynamic spatial diffraction grating in matter. Controlling photons using electromagnetically induced transparency m. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a signature of quantum interference in an atomic threelevel system. We demonstrate and characterize two coherent phenomena that can mitigate the effects of laser phase noise for electromagnetically induced transparency eit. Marangos3 1 fachbereich physik, technische universit at kaiserslautern,d67663 germany 2 institute of quantum electronics, ethh onggerberg, hpt g12, ch8093 z urich, switzerland 3 quantum optics and laser science group, blackett laboratory, imperial college, london. Quantum control of light using electromagnetically induced. Electromagnetically induced transparency is a rather subtle effect 1,2. The above graph shows the transmission and the lower graph shows the refractive index as a function of detuning. Prosvirnin institute of radio astronomy, national academy of.
Electromagnetically induced transparency and slow light. Metamaterial analog of electromagnetically induced transparency n. Electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials at nearinfrared frequency. Active manipulation of electromagnetically induced. Controlling photons using electromagnetically induced. We report on electromagnetically induced transparency in a radiofrequency discharge of metastable helium atoms.
It is in essence a quantum interference effect that. Genov, yuan wang, ming liu, and xiang zhang nanoscale science and engineering center, university of california, 5 etcheverry hall, berkeley, california 947201740, usa. Absorption in an opaque medium can be eliminated via quantum mechanical interference, an effect known as electromagnetically induced transparency. Povinelli,2 jagat shakya,1 shanhui fan,2 and michal lipson1, 1school of electrical and computer engineering, cornell university, ithaca, new york 14853, usa 2department of electrical engineering, stanford university, stanford, california 94305, usa. Emphasis is placed on the experimental work reported in this field since 1990. Introduction electromagnetically induced transparency eit, as one of the quantum coherence and interference qci phenomena, is an important effect induced by the interaction between laser beams and atom ensembles under twophoton. We numerically calculate a symmetric dolmen scheme of metamaterials corresponding to a tripod model of eitbased optical switching and illustrate plasmonic double dark resonances. Lasers without inversion and electromagnetically induced. Aug 08, 2014 electromagnetically induced transparency eit provides a powerful mechanism for controlling light propagation in a dielectric medium, and for producing slow and fast light. Electromagnetically induced transparency a thesis reed. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit preface imagine you can make a black wall transparent just by shining a certain light onto that wall. By driving the dressed cavityqubit states of a twodimensional circuit qed system, we generate a set of polariton states in the nesting regime. Stopped light and image storage by electromagnetically. Classic analog of the electromagnetically induced transparency eit in metamaterials has been demonstrated extensively by its attractive potential applications in light storage, slow light and.
Electromagnetically induced transparency in a rf discharge. Transparent windows are opened in optically thick metallic films perforated with subwavelength holes by adsorbing a thin layer of molecules at. Electromagnetically induced transparency of interacting rydberg. Within the transparency window, both absorption and. In addition, the dispersion properties are also a ected, giving rise to many useful applications such as e ective nonlinear frequency conversion, slow light and nonlinear mixing. Eit may also be used, but under more limited conditions, to eliminate optical self. We study electromagnetically induced transparency of a ladder type configuration in ultracold atomic gases, where.
The analysis is made for an arbitrary rate of depolarizing collisions in the excited state and an arbitrary elliptical field polarization. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a coherent optical nonlinearity which renders a medium transparent within a narrow spectral range around an absorption line. Numerical simulation of electromagneticallyinduced. Electromagnetically induced transparency with squeezed vacuum.
Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference phenomenon that arises when coherent optical fields couple to the states of a material quantum system. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit, in essence a fanolike interference between different excitation paths 1,2, opens up new possibilities for quantum information and nonlinear optics, such as the creation of slowly propagating light 3 and photon storage and retrieval 46. A control optical beam tuned to a sideband transition. Double electromagnetically induced transparency in a.
Electromagnetically induced transparency is a technique for eliminating the effect of a medium on a propagating beam of electromagnetic radiation. The three atomic sublevels are considered and the system is considered using a density matrix approach. Electromagnetically induced transparency susanne yelin serious science. Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency.